Advantages of internet free essay sample

Because of the development of data innovation, we currently live in the ‘Computer Age’. The Internet has numerous exceptionally current capacities. However, there are dangers and terrible impacts when utilizing it. Four geniuses are going to battle against four cons underneath. Broadly utilized in workplaces, research organizations, data focuses and instruction, the Internet has extraordinarily raised the exactness and effectiveness of work, and set aside much cash and labor for individuals. This multi-medium helps us in our work from numerous points of view. It can bring together refreshed information and reinforcement archives without replicating by hand. We can check accessible equalization, make move installment, cover tabs and purchase protection or stock through the web. It makes our life so a lot simpler. Then again, the Internet speaks to an open door for understudies to investigate the mind blowing abundance of data which upgrades our learning. The minimal effort and about momentary sharing of thoughts, information, and abilities have made community oriented work significantly simpler. We will compose a custom exposition test on Focal points of web or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It permits us to advantageously and expertly do investigates, get ready ventures, and accomplish other work. This truly can empower us to procure more information and prepare ourselves. The Internet furnishes us with new opportunities to enlarge correspondence and extend connections. We can keep in contact with loved ones over the globe by means of utilizing visit rooms and informing apparatuses, for example, MSN and facebook, an exceptionally famous site which permits individuals to share photographs with others. Also, you can meet companions worldwide and trade various societies. Fun and amusement can likewise be offered by the Internet. Shopping on line no longer sounds abnormal. It is convenient and agreeable to get what you need on sites and hang tight at home for the merchandise conveyed. Youngsters can play different sorts of on-line games. Without a doubt, the Internet has become a partner of man. Regardless of the various points of interest of utilizing the Internet, there are a few disservices we ought to concede. The utilization of the Internet may have awful impacts upon the financial fields and society. An unexpected and unwanted change in a program of a PC framework can make a bank lose a huge number of million dollars inside one day. Work of months or even years might be annihilated inside one moment by PC infections. Individuals need to endure the torment of looking by unexpected force cut or disappointments of capacity. Violations submitted with the assistance of PCs are not uncommon. As the guidelines of transferring data or photographs by means of the web are not carefully changed, ones security may not be exceptionally ensured. Alongside the ascent in broadband web associations, individuals can without much of a stretch share and download illicit pilfered documents, for example, motion pictures and music. The characterized records of the Hong Kong Police Department and ICAC have been presented to the open on account of the assurance free document sharing project on the Internet. Such an episode mirrors, that Internet wrongdoing can be not kidding to the point that it can undermine governments and organizations. Furthermore, PCs give no immediate correspondence among individuals. Discussions are for the most part communicated in composed words as opposed to communicated in language. The absence of individual connection may bring about lost social aptitudes. One’s method of coexisting with individuals can't be drilled just through the Internet. The web some way or another carries on like medications and liquor. Being dependent on it, individuals now and again don’t realize when to quit getting to it. Such conduct is viewed as a sort of sickness these days. Abuse may bring about disregard of different parts of life, for example, work and study. Except if one has the genuine need to utilize PCs for a while, it is especially tedious to ride more often than not. Besides, a few people may get their eyes injured by sitting for a really long time before PCs. These activities ought not be energized. In spite of these realities, the Internet has been a significant wellspring of data and relaxation, and we should utilize it shrewdly and prudently. I for one think the advantages exceed the mischief. With a couple of snaps on the console, we can essentially visit wherever on the planet. I accept the Internet will bring us more astonishments and offer us a promising tomorrow

I Declare My Independence From Homework Essays - Education Reform

I Declare My Independence from Homework In class, October 22, 1997. The practically consistent affirmation of the 2,000 understudies of Glenbard West High School. We pronounce our freedom from any schoolwork; we will no more endure its treachery. When over the span of educational occasions, it gets important to end certain incapable practices that have constrained the extra-curricular exercises of the understudy bodies, we, the understudies are compelled to revolt against these practices,and rebel for more prominent's benefit of humankind. I, consequently, have been decided to pass on to the workforce the reasons to end the training, and in doing as such to legitimize the pending resistance. Schoolwork causes undue worry at an early age, prompting sudden passing of numerous understudies. It has restricted the time that understudies need to work, partake in extra-curricular exercises, and besides it makes a less amicable understudy educator relationship, in this way causing between close to home pressure. Schoolwork causes by and large aversion of the educational system by understudies. Uncompleted schoolwork powers numerous understudies to miss undue sums of school so as to complete unimaginable outstanding tasks at hand appointed by instructors. It powers understudies to accomplish dull work, regardless of whether they as of now comprehend the topic. The idea of schoolwork is so imbued into the brains of instructors that they don't see that it is even terrible from their imminent. Doling out schoolwork implies that an educator must burn through significant class time going over it at the point when they could be addressing and showing the topic just as viably. In the instances of bigger schoolwork assignments, instructors burn through their significant time reviewing it. Schoolwork adds to an effectively over the top measure of time spent on instruction of youthful America. The realities of the issue are that numerous individuals who are self-taught spend from one to two hours on school work a day furthermore, still regularly end up in front of those in the government funded school framework. In view of this reality, shouldn't a seven-hour school day be sufficiently long to do whatever learning we have to do? By any stretch of the imagination times during our school vocations, we have fought commonly the foul play of schoolwork. Be that as it may, the staff and the state legislators have not even once tuned in to our requests for no schoolwork. We have had petitions, and we have introduced contentions to instructors, yet without much of any result. In light of the above realities, we the understudies of Glenbard West High School are compelled to defy the very idea of schoolwork, except if you, the workforce, put without hesitation a change of arrangement in regards to schoolwork right away. We will as of the marking of this report not, at this point total doled out school- work at any non-class time.

Ancient Chinese secret, eh

Ancient Chinese secret, eh On this otherwise lovely three-day weekend, my suitemate Jeremy 09 found himself stricken with a case of influenza, exhibiting such symptoms as nasal congestion, a sore throat, and a mild fever. So, he called up a friend from high school, who happens to be a pre-med (DING!) at Harvard (DING!) who recommended the ancient Chinese secret (double DING!) of dissolving salt in hot water to make a solution strong enough to taste, then snorting said solution up your nose. Fortunately, prior to subjecting himself to this remedy, Jeremy came to me to ask if it had any scientific merit from the perspective of a chemical engineer. Well, if you snort a salt solution up your nose, I guess, by osmosis, the cells of your nose should lose water to the higher-concentration salt solution, which might then dissolve whatevers blocking your nose. Apparently this was a satisfactory explanation for Jeremy: Imagine what happens to the foul cocktail of snot, mucus and salty water goes after it passes through your nose. Better yet, dont. Although Jeremy did say that his nasal passages were instantly cleared after this treatment, its still something Im not too anxious to try anytime soon. Still, its better than Mitras proposed cure for the same ailment, which she forced upon our other suitemate Gabe 08, also suffering from terrible congestion.

Lines of Longitude in Geography

Longitude is the angular distance of any point on Earth measured east or west of a point on Earths surface. Where Is Zero Degrees Longitude? Unlike latitude, there is no easy point of reference such as the equator to be designated as zero degrees in the longitude system. To avoid confusion, the worlds nations have agreed that the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England, will serve as that reference point and be designated as zero degrees. Because of this designation, longitude is measured in degrees west or east of the Prime Meridian. For example, 30Â °E, the line passing through eastern Africa, is an angular distance of 30Â ° east of the Prime Meridian. 30Â °W, which is in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, is an angular distance of 30Â ° west of the Prime Meridian. There are 180 degrees east of the Prime Meridian and coordinates are sometimes given without the designation of E or east. When this is used, a positive value represents coordinates east of the Prime Meridian. There are also 180 degrees west of the Prime Meridian and when W or west is omitted in a coordinate a negative value such as -30Â ° represents coordinates west of the Prime Meridian. The 180Â ° line is neither east nor west and approximates the International Date Line. On a map (diagram), lines of longitude are the vertical lines running from the North Pole to the South Pole and are perpendicular to lines of latitude. Every line of longitude also crosses the equator. Because longitude lines are not parallel, they are known as meridians. Like parallels, meridians name the specific line and indicate the distance east or west of a 0Â ° line. Meridians converge at the poles and are farthest apart at the equator (about 69 miles (111 km) apart). Development and History of Longitude For centuries, mariners and explorers worked to determine their longitude in an effort to make navigation easier. Latitude was determined easily by observing the inclination of the sun or the position of known stars in the sky and calculating the angular distance from the horizon to them. Longitude could not be determined in this way because Earths rotation constantly changes the position of stars and the sun. The first person to offer a method for measuring longitude was the explorer Amerigo Vespucci. In the late 1400s, he began measuring and comparing the positions of the moon and Mars with their predicted positions over several nights at the same time (diagram). In his measurements, Vespucci calculated the angle between his location, the moon, and Mars. By doing this, Vespucci got a rough estimate of longitude. This method did not become widely used however because it relied on a specific astronomical event. Observers also needed to know the specific time and measure the moon and Mars positions on a stable viewing platform- both of which were difficult to do at sea. In the early 1600s, a new idea to measure longitude was developed when Galileo determined that it could be measured with two clocks. He said that any point on Earth took 24 hours to travel the full 360Â ° rotation of Earth. He found that if you divide 360Â ° by 24 hours, you find that a point on Earth travels 15Â ° of longitude every hour. Therefore, with an accurate clock at sea, a comparison of two clocks would determine longitude. One clock would be at the home port and the other on the ship. The clock on the ship would need to be reset to local noon each day. The time difference would then indicate the longitudinal difference traveled as one hour represented a 15Â ° change in longitude. Shortly thereafter, there were several attempts to make a clock that could accurately tell time on the unstable deck of a ship. In 1728, clockmaker John Harrison began working on the problem and in 1760, he produced the first marine chronometer called Number 4. In 1761, the chronometer was tested and determined to be accurate, officially making it possible to measure longitude on land and at sea. Measuring Longitude Today Today, longitude is more accurately measured with atomic clocks and satellites. The Earth is still divided equally into 360Â ° of longitude with 180Â ° being east of the Prime Meridian and 180Â ° west. Longitudinal coordinates are divided into degrees, minutes and seconds with 60 minutes making up a degree and 60 seconds comprising a minute. For example, Beijing, Chinas longitude is 116Â °2330E. The 116Â ° indicates that it lies near the 116th meridian while the minutes and seconds indicate just how close it is to that line. The E indicates that it is that distance east of the Prime Meridian. Although less common, longitude can also be written in decimal degrees. Beijings location in this format is 116.391Â °. In addition to the Prime Meridian, which is the 0Â ° mark in todays longitudinal system, the International Date Line is also an important marker. It is the 180Â ° meridian on the opposite side of the Earth and is where the eastern and western hemispheres meet. It also marks the place where each day officially begins. At the International Date Line, the west side of the line is always one day ahead of the east side, no matter what time of day it is when the line is crossed. This is because the Earth rotates east on its axis. Longitude and Latitude Lines of longitude or meridians are the vertical lines running from the South Pole to the North Pole. Lines of latitude or parallels are the horizontal lines running from the west to the east. The two cross each other at perpendicular angles and when combined as a set of coordinates they are extremely accurate in locating places on the globe. They are so accurate that they can locate cities and even buildings to within inches. For example, the Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India, has a coordinate set of 27Â °1029N, 78Â °232E. To view the longitude and latitude of other places, visit the collection of Locate Places Worldwide resources on this site.

Facts About Oviraptor, the Egg Thief Dinosaur

Newspaper as a Reliable Source of News and Information Free Essays

NEWSPAPER AS A RELIABLE SOURCE OF NEWS AND INFORMATION: The newspapers most notable contribution as a mass communication medium has been as a purveyor of information. Many people doubted if newspapers could fight off the challenge posed by radio and television – both being immediate and more entertaining, but they have fought this challenge and have survived and are going strong due to the following reasons: 1. Newspapers offer detailed accounts which is not possible with radio and television. We will write a custom essay sample on Newspaper as a Reliable Source of News and Information or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. The printed word carries a lot of credibility than the spoken words of radio and tv. . Also while one has to wait for news bulletins on radio and tv, one can read it anytime he wants. Here time is not a constraint. A newspaper’s coverage of meetings and events, investigative journalism that uncovers important issues and strong opinion pieces that offer points of view and courses of action are often the starting point of discussion within a community. As recorders of activities large and small within the community, as the community’s watchdog and often spokesperson, a newspaper plays a crucial role in day-to-day life in every city, town and community in the country. As a keeper of the stories of a community, the newspaper is there at the start, and the finish, and remains the only effective instrument for such record-keeping. As they begin their search for an important household item, consumers usually turn to the pages of the newspaper to study advertisements and promotions placed by local merchants. When planning trips, readers turn to the newspaper for information about possible destinations, accommodations and other travel information. When looking for a new home or attempting to sell their present house, people find the pages of the newspaper the best place to start. The classified section of any newspaper is the first source for people looking for employment. For some people, their first field trip in school is a visit to the newspaper, and for information for a school project on current events, their first stop is the newspaper or, now, the newspaper’s site on the World Wide Web. Many people develop a lifelong love of reading by picking up a newspaper each day to find out about the important news, follow the progress of their favorite teams, check out the views of a top columnist or to read their favorite comics. The habit of reading the newspaper is an important step in building literacy skills, as well a keeping a person well-informed on the issues of the day. A good newspaper offers something for everyone, whether it is coverage of an election race, reports from council and school board meetings, display or classified advertising, and opinion writing that educates and excites the reader. Thus newspapers are your source of reliable information in a world overloaded with the unreliable. How to cite Newspaper as a Reliable Source of News and Information, Papers

Business Performance of Leadership

Question: Discuss about the Business Performance of Leadership. Answer: Introduction Choi and Kim (2014) opined that leadership is the capability of the management of a company to make vital decisions, inspire as well as motivate others to perform their work in the workplace. Effective leaders can set as well as achieve challenging goals, take decisions at difficult situations, calculate the risks as well as persist in the face of failure. The characteristics of a good leader are to manage the workplace, have communication skills as well as self-confidence. However, the IT leaders are different from other leaders. Loveridge (2014) argued that the IT leadership is the group of the senior executives those are responsible for implementing an IT infrastructure as well as applications that can drive the IT business strategies. The report is based on the leadership in the IT business of Australia and its importance for the business. The selected organization for this report is Melbourne IT. It reflects on the impact of the leadership on the success of the IT business. Leadership style is also discussed in this report for the IT leader. As the business is based on Information Technology, therefore the leader face IT challenges in their business, and respective solutions are also given. Impact of leadership on the success of the IT business Australian IT businesses are facing innovation shortfalls and failure in the development of the leadership programs. The selected IT business for the report is Melbourne IT and as the leader of the business, different leadership functions are conducted. Melbourne IT is an Australian Internet company with its primary business is the registration of the domain name. This IT business also provides the web as well as email hosting services as well as online marketing services to the Australian population (Melbourneit.com.au 2015). When it comes to achieving business success, most of the leaders of the organization think of a strategy which most of the business comes up with. The following are some of the quality traits that should be there within a good leader who leads an IT business organization: Character: The leader requires to be trusted as well as known to live their life with honesty (Katsos and Fort 2016). As in the current era, technology becomes the most vital needs of the population; therefore, the leaders should do the delivery of the IT services from respect for the good character as well as trustworthiness of the person who leads the business. Communicate: In order to reach new benchmarks of achievement, it is required an art of clear communication (Anvari et al. 2014). With good communication skills, the leaders are also required good listening skills that help to drive results and hear to the employees. As a leader of the organization, it is the responsibility to respond to the employees concern and questions. Direction: The leader can work to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. As a leader of an IT business organization, the leader can create impressive change within the organization as the use of technology changes day-by-day (Harney 2016). The leader can act according to the needs and requirements of their customers and provides with better IT service delivery. Optimistic: The leaders are the source of the positive energy. They are helpful as well as concern for others welfare (Almog-Bareket 2012). In order to avoid personal criticism, they start to gain the consensus of the employees to work effectively as team members. Honesty: The leader should be ethical, believable; honesty as well as reliability forms the foundation of the business success (Marco and John 2013). In order to avoid conflicts, the leader shares information openly to the employees. Leadership Style in an IT leader Transformational Leadership Style An IT leader encompasses of two various types of leadership styles such as transformational as well as transactional. The transformational leadership inspires the followers by raising consciousness about the specified values and motivates the followers in order to address the high level of personal needs (Minavand 2013). As this particular report is based on an IT business organization, Melbourne IT, therefore this style of leadership plays an important role as the leader works with the subordinates in order to identify the required changes and create an organizational vision in order to guide changes through inspiration. As a transformational leadership style, the leader is focused on increasing the effectiveness of the organization. This style of leadership stresses that the leader understands as well as adapts to the followers motives as well as requirements (Brandt and Uusi-Kakkuri 2016). An IT leader has the responsibility to achieve good role models who can empower the staff me mbers in order to achieve higher standards. In the last few years, many transformational changes are taken place in technology. As for example, the development of computing technology by Apple, Intel was the transformational events that are taken place. Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple transformed their business processes through the software applications as well as high-speed microprocessors. At Apple, Steve Jobs is seen as a leader who has an idealistic vision to provide computers as a tool to change the world (Davenport 2014). Jobs were passionate about the company as well as enthusiastic about the announcements of products. Figure 1: Transformational Leadership Style (Source: Minavand 2013, pp-47) Transactional Leadership Style Apart from this leadership style, another type of style is transactional leadership that focuses on the exchange, which occurs between the leaders as well as followers. The leader can have a concern with maintaining the normal flow of the business operations (Minelle 2014). Disciplinary powers, as well as an array of incentives, are used to motivate the employees to work. This style of leadership conforms to the existing structure of the IT business as well as measures success as per the organizational system of rewards as well as penalties (Antonakis and House 2014). Performance review is required to judge the performance of the employee. Steve Jobs also acts a transactional leader who directs their efforts through tasks as well as structures. Steve influenced the employees for a strong desire to work, shared their passion with the staffs as well as provided with the organizational vision (Moors 2012). The leadership style of Steve Jobs is desired to create great products that would give enjoy to the clients by using it rather than the products that bring profit to Apple. Figure 2: Characteristics of Transactional Leadership Style (Source: Minelle 2014, pp-47) Both this style of leadership is required to guide the Melbourne IT to success. The transactional leader provides with an ability to address small operational details that on the other hand, the transformational leader is crucial to the strategic development of the business. Apart from this, the transactional approach features both positive as well as negative enforcement while the transformational leadership features both motivation as well as inspiration (Salovaara and Bathurst 2016). Transactional leadership appeals to the self-interest of the individuals, and transformational leadership focuses on the group progress. Challenges that IT leader is facing There are various challenges that the IT leaders are facing in Melbourne IT business organization: Rate and pace of change: According to Moore's law, the doubling of the speed of the computer processing takes place every 18 months. It is one of the manifestations of the technological trend that all the changes occur at exponential rates (Sethuraman and Suresh 2014). Due to the exponential rate of change in the technology, the IT leader is also making changes according to the business requirements. This rapid change in the business affects the leadership quality. Complexity in the integration of the system: Sometimes, change in the system becomes complex. Therefore, the leader is not able to cope up with the complex situation, and it affects their responsibility as a leader (Brandt and Uusi-Kakkuri 2016). Due to rapid change in the technology, the IT department of the company requires changing their IT infrastructure in order to meet the requirements of their clients. Ongoing pressure to cut the cost: Due to rapid change in the technology, the implementation of the new system requires more cost and budget. Therefore, it becomes a vital task for the leader to implement the new system within the estimated budget. The threat to cyber security: Cyber attack is the most vital concern for the IT leader as there is a high risk of threat of hacking of the information from the database system (Ali Shurbagi 2014). The main function of the IT leader is to give high-security measures to the client's information so that any third party person cannot access it. Solutions to the IT challenges for the leader In order to exploit the technology as well as information is fast becoming a prerequisite for the leadership programs. The IT leaders must help the company to value their business as possible from the technology (Sethuraman and Suresh 2014). The following are the solutions that the leader should follow to have a great role in technology decisions and cope up with IT challenges as: Information Technology Leadership Development Program: It is one of the best solutions for the IT leader to change their character according to the change in technology (Antonakis and House 2014). This program takes the IT leader in the IT application management, operations, technical services as well as IT planning for Melbourne IT. The development program gives a full-time position to the leader with benefits as well as design in order to create a sustainable career path with Melbourne IT. The building of strategic IT leadership skills: A strong IT leaders can create a clear vision for the future, a design of the competitive strategy for the business; create an agile as well as flexible culture for Melbourne IT. Consultation with the IT business analyst to develop a new existing system for the business: Due to change in the technology, the business leader can develop and implement a new legacy system for their organization with the help of the IT business analyst (Salovaara and Bathurst 2016). With consulting their ideas with the analyst, they can implement such a system that should be beneficial for the organization in the future. Take the ownership of information: The vital part of managing the information technology is to manage the data quality as well as accessibility (Marco and John 2013). The IT business leader is responsible for the usability of the data gathered as well as stored in the technology and service. The IT providers should have required integration capabilities, but the leader does managing the information. Improve the technology vendor management capabilities: Technology vendors can double contract value when they are circumventing to the IT. The IT business leaders can also look in order to corporate IT for guidance as well as support with the vendor negotiations (Antonakis and House 2014). One of the techniques to nudge in this direction is to measure the effectiveness of the vendor management as well as negotiations. Conclusion It is concluded that the IT leader must be self-achiever, and they are motivated to become a proactive leader. Rapid change in the technology produces a chaos situation of the leader, and they must be ready to cope up with the technological change. In this report, two types of leaders are used such as a transactional style of leaders such as they used to motivate through the system of rewards as well as penalties. The managers use this style and it is focused on the basic management process to control, organize as well as do short-term planning. The leader can act as indicated by the necessities and prerequisites of their clients and offers with better IT administration delivery. As a transformational leadership style, the leader is engaged to build the adequacy of the Association. This style of initiative anxieties that the leader comprehends and additionally adjusts to the followers thought processes and necessities. The transformational leadership inspires the followers by raising consciousness about the predefined values and inspires the supporters to address the high state of individual needs. Therefore, these two types of leadership style are to be in an IT business leader. References Ali Shurbagi, A., 2014. The Relationship between Transformational Leadership Style Job Satisfaction and the Effect of Organizational Commitment.IBR, 7(11). Almog-Bareket, G., 2012. Visionary leadership in business schools: an institutional framework.Journal of management development,31(4), pp.431-440. Antonakis, J. and House, R., 2014. Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly, 25(4), pp.746-771. Anvari, R., Irum, S., Shah, I., Mahmoodzadeh, N. and Ashfaq, M., 2014. Determinants of Information Technology Leadership Program.Review of European Studies, 6(2). Brandt, T. and Uusi-Kakkuri, P., 2016. Transformational Leadership and Communication Style of Finnish CEOs.Communication Research Reports, 33(2), pp.119-127. Choi, S.I. and Kim, D.I., 2014. A Study on The Effect Business Performance of Leadership on Global Corporate.Journal of Digital Convergence,12(10), pp.191-199. Davenport, B., 2014. From A to Google: How Technology Is Impacting Information and Leadership.Journal of Leadership Studies, 8(2), pp.41-45. Harney, B., 2016. Book review: Developing leadership: Questions business schools dont ask.Management Learning. Katsos, J. and Fort, T., 2016. Leadership in the promotion of peace: Interviews with the 2015 Business for Peace honorees.Business Horizons. Loveridge, R., 2014. Leadership in the Innovative Organization.Nang Yan Business Journal, 1(1). Marco, R. and John, F., 2013. The role of need for achievement in self-leadership: Differential associations with hope for success and fear of failure.African Journal of Business Management, 5(20), pp.8368-8375. Melbourneit.com.au, 2015.Melbourne IT. [online] Melbourneit.com.au. Available at: https://www.melbourneit.com.au/about-us/ [Accessed 5 Jul. 2016]. Minavand, H., 2013. The impact of project managers leadership style on employees job satisfaction, performance and turnover.IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 11(6), pp.43-49. Minelle, F., 2014. Business Leadership for IT Projects.PROJECT MANAGER (IL), (17), pp.47-47. Moors, G., 2012. The effect of response style bias on the measurement of transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 21(2), pp.271-298. Salovaara, P. and Bathurst, R., 2016. Power-with leadership practices: An unfinished business.Leadership. Sethuraman, K. and Suresh, J., 2014. Effective Leadership Styles.IBR, 7(9).